Analysis Of Night By Elie Wiesel - 707 Words

The book â€Å"Night† by Elie Wiesel is an emotional read. He tells his story in hopes to influence the world to not act so hateful to one another. He wants to bring awareness to his readers. The way Wiesel interprets his memoire is powerful. Elie goes into great detail about the events that took place in the concentration camp. He describes the way they were treated and their struggle to survive. He explains his story with good attribute to the Germans. The memoire is so effective because these events happened in real life. Elie Wiesel is an American Jewish writer and a Holocaust survivor. Wiesel talks about his memories in the Auschwitz concentration camp and how these horrific events affected his life. He goes into great detail about what†¦show more content†¦Never shall I forget these things, even if I am condemned to live as long as god himself. Never.† Only the power of someone’s voice could help us understand. That’s why it’s so important for people to open up and tell their stories. Without those people all we have are statistics and no real connection. Reading about individuals struggling to survive is hard. Teaches one to be grateful for the little things. The book is full of emotions. Takes the reader on an emotional roller-coaster. I personally cried while reading about the tragic events that look place in the concentration camp. Going days without food nor water definitely wouldn’t be easy. Losing faith in your God would weaken your hope to fight for life. Staying physically, mentally and spiritually stable would be a fight in ones self. Living every day in fear would take a toll on your well being. Not knowing when it’s your turn to die nor what’s going to happen next is unsettling. I find Elie Wiesel strong for not giving up. He took care of himself and his father. Always put his father first when he was ill. He is brave for coming forward with his story and sharing these horrific events. Overall the book â€Å"Night† was emotional. His memoireShow MoreRelatedAn Analysis Of Night By Elie Wiesel1089 Words   |  5 PagesAn Analysis of Night Black Three Sabrena Hall November 17, 2015 â€Å"To surpass monsters, you must be willing to abandon your humanity.† -Hajime Isayama, Shingeki no Kyojin Night by Elie â€Å"Eliezer† Wiesel is a story that contains many conclusions about humanity as a whole, including the idea that if humans are treated as if they aren t human, and are deprived from proper human interaction, then they are quick to act uncivilized, almost feral. It s unsettling how quickly people can switch to a primalRead MoreNight By Elie Wiesel Analysis817 Words   |  4 Pages The novel, Night told by Elie Wiesel, is an autobiography written about him and his family being seized out of their home in 1944 to the concentration camps of Auschwitz and Buchenwald. Night is the alarming record of Eli Wiesel’s recollections of the passing of his family, and his despair as a profoundly perceptive Jew going up against irrefutably the abhorrence of man. In the beginning of the novel, Elie described his father as a straightforward sort of man. As in the novel Elie stated, â€Å"My fatherRead MoreAnalysis Of Night By Elie Wiesel1198 Words   |  5 PagesIn the memoir Night, written by Elie Weisel, you take a journey through the 1940s, and learn what it was like to live during the Holocaust. Night records the life of Elie Wiesel during his teen years, and the oppression he and his family went through because of their Jewish descent. The Holocaust was a horrifying genocide where Adolf Hitler and the Nazis strived to wipe out the Jewish race, as well as Poles, Slavs, Jehovah’s Witnesses, Homosexuals, Gypsies, etc. Jews were taken from their homesRead MoreNight By Elie Wiesel Analysis764 Words   |  4 PagesYes, I did see this, with my own eyes†¦ children thrown into the flames.† (Wiesel 32). The previous sentence is a quote from Elie Wiesel’s memoir, Night. Wiesel’s memoir is a first person account of a survivor of the Holocaust that occurred between 1933-1945. Over six million Jews were placed in concentration camps and murdered during this time period. Less than one percent of the Jews in the holocaust survived, but Elie Wiesel was one of the very few survivors. He lived on to tell his story of theRead MoreAnalysis Of Night In Night By Elie Wiesel1183 Words   |  5 PagesIn Night, Elie Wiesel shines light upon that when times are rough, it is easy to be selfish. This was cle arly captured when young fourteen-year-old Elie Wiesel was watching as the Nazi’s take away his valuables, friends, faith, and family. As if every piece of him was broken glass, he had to pick himself up along the way. It all started in 1944, in the suburb of Sighet, Romania. It was a marvelously bright day, a beautiful day. But today, the Nazis had forced Wiesel, the rest of his family, andRead MoreNight By Elie Wiesel Analysis716 Words   |  3 Pagescontrary, some individuals lost their religion due to their unimaginable experience in the concentration camps. The memoir Night, reminisces Elie Wiesel’s journey. Forced to go to concentration camps, Elie adapted to a hardworking man to prevent selection. From studying Talmud to looking at the mirror, Elie describes the story in great detail. In the memoir Night, the author Elie Wiesel, exhibits the struggle of maintaining religion through the use of internal conflict. The memoir owns several accountsRead MoreAnalysis Of Night In Night By Elie Wiesel813 Words   |  4 PagesThe Holocaust was a horrible event, one most people hate to think of much less speak of. This event however is the base of young Elie Wiesel’s life and story. The memoir Night by Elie Wiesel is all about his personal journey and place in the telling of the Holocaust. In the book he is sent to Auschwitz as a lamb is sent to the slaughter. He reiterates his transformation during this time, a transformation where he diverts from his Jewish roots and loses his faith in a merciful and Almighty God. Read MoreNight By Elie Wiesel Analysis903 Words   |  4 Pages Eliezer â€Å"Elie† Wiesel, a Jewish writer, professor, political activist, Nobel laureate and Holocaust survivor, acknowledged that â€Å"There is so much injustice and suffering crying out for our attention: victims of hunger, of racism, and political persecution, writers and poets, prisoners in so many lands governed by the left and by the right. Human rights are being violated on every continent. More people are oppressed than free.† When the Nazis came to power in Germany in 1933, they believed thatRead MoreNight By Elie Wiesel Analysis787 Words   |  4 Pagesâ€Å"To forget the dead would be akin to killing them a second time.†, said Elie Wiesel the author of night. Elie Wiesel is a holocaust survivor, he went through 5 different concentration camps. He was dehumanized, malnourished, and abused. He lost all his possessions, his family, and his humanity. In Elie Wiesel’s â€Å"Nigh t†, the German Army dehumanizes Elie Wiesel and the jewish prisoners by depriving them of family, food, and self esteem. The Nazis’s dehumanized the jews by depriving them of basic humanRead MoreAnalysis Of The Night By Elie Wiesel1385 Words   |  6 Pagesdetermination in people’s lives. Determination is a trait that each individual possesses. However, the degree of this characteristic varies for each individual and depends on the person’s capabilities and willingness to attain a goal. In the Night, author Elie Wiesel provide the readers with an insight of how determination became the guidance for the Jewish people who suffered dreadful torture and endured a horrid lifestyle under the Nazi’s fascist and anti-semitic regime. Furthermore, due to continuous

The Culture At My Previous Employment - 1049 Words

Leaders must work with others in the organization to understand the organization’s culture. The core beliefs and values that are shared by the organization’s members, that guide their actions in its behalf and define their expectations about the actions of those around them (Beach, 2006). In analyzing the culture at my previous employment, I discovered a few different types of cultures existed within my organization. The organization I worked for was a manufacturer of foam components to the Automotive, Appliance, Medical and Military industries. We have provided engineered solutions to leading global manufacturers since 1992. The company consisted of approximately 50 employees, in which about 10 of those were office personnel and the†¦show more content†¦My duties included taking customer complaints, order entry, invoicing, monitoring inventory levels, and purchasing raw materials and supplies for the company. Based on the survey results and my experience at the company, the culture at my organization was pragmatic and micro-managed. I felt the culture was pragmatic due to our mission statement which was Customer Satisfaction is our #1 Priority. This was the first thing I learned when I joined the organization 11 years ago. The slogan was written all over the place. It was even engraved on the pens we wrote with. We had to know it. The customer came before anyone or anything else. Whatever the customer wanted the customer got within reason. Top-notch customer service from all employees was a must. All employees were aware that they were expected to put the customers first always. Mixed with this culture was a micromanagement culture. The organization had such a small office personnel that the general manager tended to second guess everything we did. Employees would be monitored every step of the way through projects or assignments. When something did not meet the standards or expectations of the company the employee was monitored even further. This lead to people working in fear, trying to cover up and hide mistakes. The culture at my workplace also allowed people to hoard what they know. Communication was only free flowing amongst individual groups. We had in-groups an

Starting Your Own Business free essay sample

Starting your own business can be an immensely rewarding experience. The potential upsides are huge since, as a business owner, you will be in control of all aspects of your financial destiny that can make your life so much more fulfilling. But where do people find the motivation to get started? Where does the drive come from to make a business idea move from just a dream to a full blown reality? Most people would agree that you cant get rich working for someone else. It just isnt a common thing. The frustration with working under someone else can lead to dissatisfaction in the workplace, thus motivating you to start out on your own. However, using your current job to help provide stability while you are working on the business is a great idea. The notion to just up and leave your currently stable income is a bad idea. We will write a custom essay sample on Starting Your Own Business or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Getting your new business of the ground will require a level of effort beyond your current job, but the rewards will be worth it. The bottom line is that there is no need to do an all or nothing approach. Gradually starting your business in a small way while working at your job can help you stay passionate about the idea without having to go out on a limb all at once. One of the best ways to uncover your motivation is to write down what it is you want in life. Taking the time to be honest about what you want in all areas of your life will help to clarify whether or not starting a business is really for you. Once you have written a clear idea of your business needs, you can start to refine it by setting some goals. This exercise is vital because it will force you to get clear on what you are truly interested in. Your motivation will become quite apparent when its down in writing! Having written ideas will help you with your short and long term goals. Although one of your goals may be to completely support your family with the income from the business, youll need to get customers first. It will show you what you can do today to get started. You could begin by getting one customer and see how it goes. In this case, you havent gone too far out on a limb, and you havent broken the bank on your savings. And, you got some business experience. One thing that can get overlooked when starting a business is that you need to do things that are both effective for the business and for you! If you start off biting off more than you can chew, it can crush your motivation. The mantra of the budding business owner is, Do one thing every day! Now that sounds small, but if you are new to being your own boss, doing that one thing will create a great amount of momentum in a short period of time. Doing just one thing is pretty easy and straight forward. Taking daily action in your business will make a huge impact on both your business and your motivation as you are getting up and running. Now, the main thing about motivation is staying positive. There is nothing that will keep you moving in the right direction quite like having a positive attitude. Not only that, but surrounding yourself with positive influences like people who can support you will definitely keep your spirits up! There will be times when you hit walls but having a support system will keep you focused. Motivation can be pretty simple and straight forward. The main thing to start with is being honest with yourself about what you want by getting it down in writing. Then start small by keeping your job while working on the side to start your new business. Lastly, surrounding yourself with supportive people and things will help you keep your eye on the ball!

Genetic Homology and Crossing Mendels Principles Of Heredity

Questions: Give a description of mitosis and meiosis and discuss their significance [This must an illustrated and annotated flow diagram] Describe the impact of one geneticist on our understanding of genetics. [pick one key scientist and explain there findings] Describe the main sources of variation, including crossing over and gene and chromosome mutations. [Must use Annotated diagrams] Answers: Mitosis is a process of division of eukaryotic cell in which a mother cell is divided into two daughter cells. It takes place only in eukaryotic cells where, division of the chromosomes takes place and is followed by division of nucleus and division of cytoplasm (cytokinesis) occurs along with the cell membrane resulting into two new genetically identical cells. Stapes involved in mitosys are interphase, prophase, metaphase, anaphase and telophase. Interphase is the preparatory stage for mitosis. The process actually begins with prophase (Tiang, He and Pawlowski 2012). Interphase is the metabolic phase or daily living of a cell where it metabolises, grows and copies its DNA and gets prepared for mitosis. It is the longest period of a cell cycle. Three stages are involved in interphase, those are: G1 or Gap 1, during which protein synthesis takes place and the cell grows. Synthesis, in which DNA replication takes place. G2 or Gap 2, where the mitochondria divide and the cell grows until mitosis begins. G0 or Gap zero is a stage where the cell either has an extended Gap 1 or it does not divide ever after. Figure: 1 (Source: Phschool.com, 2016) Figure: 2 (Source: Woods, 2016) Prophase is the first stage of mitosis that follows G2 interphase. In this stage the chromosomes starts to condense and forms long thread like structure. Each chromosome has two chromatids that are joined at centromere. The centrosome of the cell consists of two centrioles and it coordinates the microtubules. Prior to mitosis, the centrosome gets duplicated by the cell. Centrosomes form microtubules and moves opposite to each other. Figure3: Prophase (Source: Phschool.com, 2016) At the beginning of metaphase nuclear membrane disintegrates and disappears allowing the microtubules to enter in nuclear space. In case of fungi and some protists spindle forms inside the nucleus or microtubules penetrate the intact nuclear membrane. A kinetochore is a protein based binding agent that forms during prophase (Tiang, He and Pawlowski 2012). Figure4: Metaphase (Source: Phschool.com, 2016) The microtubules from the opposite centrosome interact with corresponding microtubules and forms mitotic spindle. Now the chromosomal kinetochore attaches with microtubules and two centrosomes pull the chromosomes towards opposite sides. In this stage the chromosomes align along the midline of the cell. In this stage the chromosomes becomes clearly visible and is known as metaphase checkpoint. During anaphase, the chromatids of each chromosome get separated and moves towards the opposite poles along with the spindle fibres. The polar microtubules push each other and results the cell to elongate. The chromosomes reach to the poles of each cell and the nuclear membrane starts to form around the chromosomes (Nasmyth 2001). Figure 5: Anaphase (Source: Phschool.com, 2016) Telophase is the last stage of mitosis where the polar microtubules grow and the cell elongates even more. The reformation of nuclear membrane gets completed using the residues of old envelope. Now each nucleus is having identical sets of chromosomes. Figure 6: Telophase (Source: Phschool.com, 2016) The cell is now separated by forming a cleavage containing a contractile ring, which gradually separates two cells. Each cell contains one nucleus (Sawin et al. 1992). Figure 7: Mitosis (Source: cycle et al., 2009) Significance of mitosis: Mitosis increases the number of cells in any organism which is the basis of growth and development. Replacement of old cells takes place by mitosis process, which is also helpful in healing any injury. With the help of mitosis, some organisms like starfish, lizard etc. can regenerate their body part. This is the means of reproduction for organism like hydra (Tiang, He and Pawlowski 2012). Meiosis is the process of producing four daughter cells from one mother cell and each with half of the chromosomes of the mother cell. It occurs in the gametes of sexually reproducing eukaryots. It consists of two steps: meiosis 1 and meiosis 2. Prior to meiosis, there is a synthesis phase, where the replication of genetic material takes place to form two sister chromatids. Both meiosis 1 and 2 consist of four phases. Those are prophase 1 2, metaphase 12, anaphase 12 and telophase 12 (Nasmyth 2001). During prophase 1 the chromosomes align to form tetrads. In this stage the sister chromatids twists and crosses. During this regional exchange crossing over or exchange of genetic material may occur. In metaphase 1, the chromosomes align across the equatorial plane in such a way that centromeres lay at either side of the plain. In anaphase 1 the chromosomes are pulled towards the opposite ends of the cell. The homolog pair moves in opposite direction. The chromatids of the chromosome stay together. In telophase 1, the chromosomes contain a pair of chromatids reach at the poles of cell. New nuclear membranes are formed surrounding each haploid sets of chromosome. In meiosis 2 again the above mentioned phases occur resulting in formation of four daughter cells (Nei 1975). Significance of Meiosis: Meiosis maintains the number of chromosomes in the diploid cell after fertilization. It helps to incorporate new characteristics among the offspring by means of crossing over. In meiosis four daughter cells are produced and it leads to a genetic variation in daughter cells (Darlington 1939). Figure 8: Meiosis (Source: Ib.bioninja.com.au, 2016) 2.1 Gregor Johann Mendel is known as The Father of Genetics for his findings on three basic principles of genetics. He did some experiments on pea trees with different characteristics. Experiment 1: A purebred tall plant was crossed with a purebred short plant. All the offspring of the first generation or F1 generation were tall. The same experiment was performed with other pairs of contrasting characteristics, which showed only one of the two characteristics (Mendel 1996). Figure 9: Mendels Law of Dominance (Source: Pixgood.com, 2016) This phenomenon was described by Mendels Law of Dominance. He stated that, the dominating phenotypes or physical characteristics appear in the first generation. The other phenotype, that was not found in the first generation are the recessive characteristics. Form this experiment. Mendel concluded that the contrasting hereditary information from two different forms of same species can co-exist at the same time in a single individual. But, only the dominating character appears in the phenotype (Mendel Corcos and Monaghan 1993). Experiment-2 From the first experiment, it has been proven that hybridizing a tall and a short pea will produce all tall pea plants in the first generation. Mendel let seven F1 generation plant to self-hybridize, producing a second or F2 generation. F2 generation showed a ratio of 3:1 of tall and short pea plants. From this result he concluded that, hereditary information of an individual species came from two different genotypes, each of them derived from each parents. Each trait was either a dominant form (denoted by A) or a recessive form (a). These two units gave four possible forms of combination and those are AA, Aa, aA and aa. As Aa and aA shows the same phenotype, there were three combinations (Bateson and Mendel 2013). Since A is dominated over a, both AA and Aa shows the same physical characteristics. The aa is the only genotype that shows recessive characteristic. Paired units are separated randomly during formation of gamete. So, each gamete contains one unit only. This law is known as Law of Segregation (Mendel 2008). Figure 10: Mendels Law of Segregation (Source: Pixgood.com, 2016) Experiment-3 In this experiment two different traits of pea plant for two characteristics are selected. One is the colour of seed and another is the shape of seed. The two plants have green wrinkled seeds (yyrr) and yellow round seeds (YYRR) respectively. As the plants are homozygous, the gametes for green wrinkled seeded plant is yr and the gamete for yellow round seeded plants are YR. Offspring of the F1 generation will be YyRr that is yellow round seeded. For the F2 generation, four types of gamete can be formed after the heterozygote YyRr is self- hybridized as follows: YR, Yr, yR and yr. These gametes give 16 genotype combinations. The phenotypes will be round yellow, round green, wrinkled yellow and wrinkled green and the phenotype ratio will be 9:3:3:1 respectively (Mendel Corcos and Monaghan 1993). Figure 11: Mendels Law of Independent Assortment (Source: "Mendel's Law of Independent Assortment", 2016) From this experiment Mendel stated that genes do not get influenced by each other with respect to the sorting of alleles into gametes. Every gene has the equal chance to contain every possible combination of alleles. It is known as Mendels Law of Independent Assortment. 3: Genetic variation occurs due to the variation of alleles of gene in a gene pool. It can occur both among and within populations. Genetic variation mainly occurs due to gene mutation, chromosome mutation and crossing over. Crossing over is referred to the exchange of genetic material of homologous chromosomes to form a new recombinant chromosome during sexual reproduction. It occurs during the prophase-1 stage of meiosis. At this stage, the chromosomes replicate into two sister chromatids. The homologous chromosomes of a pair come together causing a breakage at the corresponding points of the non sister chromatids. Since the homologous chromosomes break at corresponding points, the broken sections have the corresponding alleles which are then exchanged within the chromosomes to form new recombined chromosomes (Burgoyne 1982). Figure 12: Crossing Over (Source: Desertbruchid.net, 2016) A gene mutation is a permanent change in the sequence of the gene forming DNA. The effect of mutation can range from a single DNA base pair to a large number of chromosomes including a multiple genes. Gene mutation can occur mainly in two ways: The mutations that inherited from parents are called hereditary mutations. When a sperm and an egg cell get fertilized, the zygote receives DNA from both parent cells. If the DNA undergoes a mutation, then the child will also have the mutation of each cell (Handel and Schimenti 2010). Acquired or somatic mutation is a type of mutation that can occur during the life of a person and are present in certain cells of the body. It can occur from any biological reason or from environmental reasons. Somatic mutation cannot be transmitted to the next generation. Figure: 13 (Source: Bailey, 2016) A chromosome mutation is a sudden change that can occur in chromosome. Chromosome mutations can change the structure or number of chromosomes in the cell. It can change a large segment if DNA on a chromosome (Cooper and Krawczak 1993). Chromosomal mutation can occur by structural changes such as translocation of chromosome fragments, deletion or breakage of chromosome, inversion, duplication or improper division of a chromosome (Orr 2010). Figure: 14 (Source: Biology | Mrs. McComas, 2016) References: Bateson, W. and Mendel, G., 2013.Mendel's principles of heredity. Courier Corporation. Burgoyne, P.S., 1982. Genetic homology and crossing over in the X and Y chromosomes of mammals.Human genetics,61(2), pp.85-90. Cooper, D.N. and Krawczak, M., 1993.Human gene mutation. Bios Scientific Pub Ltd. Darlington, C.D., 1939. The evolution of genetic systems.The Evolution of Genetic Systems. Handel, M.A. and Schimenti, J.C., 2010. Genetics of mammalian meiosis: regulation, dynamics and impact on fertility.Nature Reviews Genetics,11(2), pp.124-136. Mendel, G., 2008.Experiments in plant hybridisation. Cosimo, Inc.. Mendel, G., Corcos, A.F. and Monaghan, F.V., 1993.Gregor Mendel's Experiments on plant hybrids: a guided study. Rutgers University Press. Mendel, O.V.G., 1996.the first Geneticist(p. 363). Oxford: Oxford University Press. Moore, K.L., Persaud, T.V.N. and Torchia, M.G., 2015.The developing human: clinically oriented embryology. Elsevier Health Sciences. Nasmyth, K., 2001. Disseminating the genome: joining, resolving, and separating sister chromatids during mitosis and meiosis.Annual review of genetics,35(1), pp.673-745. Nei, M., 1975.Molecular population genetics and evolution. North-Holland Publishing Company.. Nigro, J.M., Baker, S.J., Preisinger, A.C., Jessup, J.M., Hostetter, R., Cleary, K., Bigner, S.H., Davidson, N., Baylin, S. and Devilee, P., 1989. Mutations in the p53 gene occur in diverse human tumour types.Nature,342(6250), pp.705-708. Orr, H.A., 2010. The population genetics of beneficial mutations.Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London B: Biological Sciences,365(1544), pp.1195-1201. Paridaen, J.T., Wilsch-Bruninger, M. and Huttner, W.B., 2013. Asymmetric inheritance of centrosome-associated primary cilium membrane directs ciliogenesis after cell division.Cell,155(2), pp.333-344. Plomin, R., DeFries, J.C., Knopik, V.S. and Neiderheiser, J., 2013.Behavioral genetics. Palgrave Macmillan. Sawin, K.E., LeGuellec, K., Philippe, M. and Mitchison, T.J., 1992. Mitotic spindle organization by a plus-end-directed microtubule motor.Nature,359(6395), pp.540-543. Tiang, C.L., He, Y. and Pawlowski, W.P., 2012. Chromosome organization and dynamics during interphase, mitosis, and meiosis in plants.Plant physiology,158(1), pp.26-34. Vogel, F. and Motulsky, A.G., 2013.Vogel and Motulsky's Human Genetics: Problems and Approaches. Springer Science Business Media. Phschool.com,. (2016).Pearson - The Biology Place. Retrieved 9 February 2016, from https://www.phschool.com/science/biology_place/biocoach/meiosis/proi.html Woods, K. (2016).Presentation "2.5: CELL DIVISION. 2.5.1: Cell Cycle: Outline the stages of the cell cycle, including interphase (G1, S, G2), mitosis and cytokinesis Cytokinesis starting.".Slideplayer.com. Retrieved 9 February 2016, from https://slideplayer.com/slide/4637397/ cycle, M., cell, M., cells, M., cell, M., cells, M., DNA, T. et al. (2009)."Mitosis and cell cycle" Stock photo and royalty-free images on Fotolia.com - Pic 12448856.Fotolia.com. Retrieved 9 February 2016, from https://www.fotolia.com/id/12448856 Phschool.com,. (2016).Pearson - The Biology Place. Retrieved 9 February 2016, from https://www.phschool.com/science/biology_place/biocoach/meiosis/proi.html Pixgood.com,. (2016).Pix For Pea Plant Diagram. Retrieved 9 February 2016, from https://pixgood.com/pea-plant-diagram.html Mendel's Law of Independent Assortment. (2016).Boundless. Retrieved from https://www.boundless.com/biology/textbooks/boundless-biology-textbook/mendel-s-experiments-and-heredity-12/laws-of-inheritance-96/mendel-s-law-of-independent-assortment-422-11649/ Desertbruchid.net,. (2016).4_GB1_LearnRes_Web_Ch10. Retrieved 9 February 2016, from https://www.desertbruchid.net/4_GB1_LearnRes_fa10_f/4_GB1_LearnRes_Web_Ch10.html Bailey, R. (2016).How Gene Mutation Occurs:.About.com Education. Retrieved 9 February 2016, from https://biology.about.com/od/basicgenetics/ss/gene-mutation.htm Biology | Mrs. McComas,. (2016).Mutations - Notes. Retrieved 9 February 2016, from https://kmbiology.weebly.com/mutations---notes.html